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- Hypertext for training <sum05 1 7>
- ======================
-
- 500 year-old The basic formula for most classroom activities comes from
- approach Thomas Aquinas, who stood at the front and lectured
- ============ -- because Thomas was the only one in the room who had books.
-
- And five centuries later, this model is still in use.
- But, instead of 30 aspiring scholars acquiring knowledge
- from rapt concentration, most teaching is closer to:
- ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
- │ Event Students listening Students daydreaming │
- │ Recess bell 30 0 │
- │ Discussion 12 18 │
- │ Explanations 5 25 │
- │ Lecture 3 27 │
- │ Question answered 1 29 │
- │ Business meeting 0 30 │
- └────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
- Why this diminished capacity to learn from others? Unlike,
- Why people are their information-starved contemporaries of 500 years ago,
- less teachable today's students are over-fed and burdened by a the
- ============== never-ending assault of information -- and with little
- <link46 1 21> training to separate the wheat from the chaff.
-
- Limit the People want you to "show me the answer and let me integrate it
- information myself." Solutions are often more desired than knowledge.
- =========== Hypertext, becasue of its expedience, very easily transfers
- knowledge to people who are information over-loaded.
-
- Basic concept The fundamental principle in organizing hypertext systems
- ============= is to make access to any desired information intuitively
- obvious and obtainable within less than a dozen keystrokes.
- <link04> The relationships between information units must be very
- clear so that the users naturally acquire the structure of
- the system of information (which is knowledge).
-
- Benefits Advantages of this approach are:
- ======== ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
- │ - desired (clean) information with the fat removed │
- <link43 1 21> │ - hypertext that is easy and obvious to use │
- │ - users successful in solving information needs │
- │ - a system of knowledge acquired through use │
- │ - reduced need for and expenses of training │
- └────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
- Low interest Typically, with classroom knowledge for college students:
- in knowledge
- ============ 5% are interested in the knowledge itself
- 20% are interested in the grade instead of the knowledge
- <link48 2 8> 75% are interested in anything but the knowledge
-
- These ratios are no different with most military and
- industrial training programs. So, what can hypertext do
- to reduce training costs?
-
- What to do? Hypertext converts users who have passive attitudes toward
- =========== information into active browsers of systems of knowledge.
- In one sense, hypertext "menuizes" everything to
- constantly prompt (or prod) users at every point into
- making active choices that lead to information.
-
- For that reason, regardless of initial attitudes toward
- learning, hypertext formats entice users into acquiring
- knowledge. That makes hypertext a most effective
- substitute for portions of most training.
-
- References: ---------------------------------------------
- Hypertext, use in advertising <link45 1 7>
- Hypertext, craftsmanship and <link49>
- Hypertext, reasons for reading <link44 2 1>